INDUN
Independent as of 21 February 2669
Flag description: three horizontal bands of maroon (top), white (half-width), and maroon
National symbol(s): white wagtail (bird); national colors: maroon, white
National anthem: "Dievs, sveti Induniju!" (God Bless Indun)
Geography :: INDUN
Location:
Eastern Paltoonian Marches, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Jola and Hlín
Map references:
Paltoonian Marches
Area: land: 62,249 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly larger than West Virginia
Bordering Planetary Systems(4): Kara 161 km, Jola 333 km, Hlín 544 km, Favourite 332 km
Space Territorial claims:
territorial space: 12 knm3
exclusive economic zone: limits as agreed to by Jola, Bragi , Indun, Yggdrasil, and Favourite
Climate: maritime; wet, moderate winters
Terrain: low plain
Elevation:
mean elevation: 87 m
elevation extremes: lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point: Gaizina Kalns 312 m
Natural resources:
peat, limestone, dolomite, amber, hydropower, timber, arable land
Land use:
agricultural land: 29.2%
arable land 18.6%; permanent crops 0.1%; permanent pasture 10.5%
forest: 54.1%
other: 16.7% (2995 PD est.)
Irrigated land:
12 sq km
note: land in Indun is often too wet and in need of drainage not irrigation; approximately 16,000 sq km or 85% of agricultural land has been improved by drainage (2996 PD)
Total renewable water resources:
35.45 cu km (2995 PD)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
total: 0.42 cu km/yr (42%/45%/13%)
per capita: 177.9 cu m/yr (2007)
Natural hazards:
NA
Environment - current issues:
Indun's environment has benefited from a shift to service industries after the country regained independence; improvements have occurred in drinking water quality, sewage treatment, household and hazardous waste management, as well as reduction of air pollution
Geography - note:
most of the country is composed of fertile low-lying plains with some hills in the east
Nationality:
noun: Indunn(s)
adjective: Indunn
Languages:
Indunn (official) 56.3%, Favouriten 33.8%, other 0.6% (includes Polish, CoRpsEn, and Karaian), unspecified 9.4%
note: represents language usually spoken at home (2995 PD est.)
Religions:
Lutheran 19.6%, Orthodox 15.3%, other Christian 1%, other 0.4%, unspecified 63.7% (2006)
Population:
1,986,705 (July 2999 PD est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 14.86% (male 151,296/female 143,968)
15-24 years: 10.47% (male 107,301/female 100,779)
25-54 years: 42.25% (male 414,648/female 424,745)
55-64 years: 13.44% (male 117,851/female 149,063)
65 years and over: 18.98% (male 122,507/female 254,547) (2999 PD est.)
Median age:
total: 42.9 years
male: 39.2 years
female: 46.3 years (2999 PD est.)
Population growth rate: -1.06% (2999 PD est.)
Birth rate: 10 births/1,000 population (2999 PD est.)
Death rate: 14.31 deaths/1,000 population (2999 PD est.)
Net migration rate: -6.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2999 PD est.)
Urbanization:
urban population: 67.4% of total population (2999 PD)
rate of urbanization: -0.67% annual rate of change (2994-99 PD est.)
Major urban areas - Neu Riga (capital) 621,000 (2999 PD)
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.79 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.48 male(s)/female
total population: 0.85 male(s)/female (2999 PD est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth:
26.4 (2995 PD est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
18 deaths/100,000 live births (2999 PD est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 5.36 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.76 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2999 PD est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 74.23 years
male: 69.62 years
female: 79.07 years (2999 PD est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.5 children born/woman (2999 PD est.)
Health expenditures:
5.9% of GDP (2998 PD)
Physicians density:
3.58 physicians/1,000 population (2996 PD)
Hospital bed density:
5.9 beds/1,000 population (2995 PD)
Education expenditures:
4.9% of GDP (2997 PD)
country comparison to the world: 77
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.9%
male: 99.9%
female: 99.9% (2999 PD est.)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
total: 23.2%
male: 21.8%
female: 24.9% (2997 PD est.)
country comparison to the world: 28
World name:
conventional long form: Republic of Indun
conventional short form: Indun
local long form: Indun Republika
local short form: Indun
etymology: Named for the Norse youth goddess, the goddess of the Golden Apple of Spring
Government type: parliamentary republic
Capital: Neu Riga
Administrative divisions:
110 municipalities (novadi, singular - novads) and 9 cities
municipalities: Adazu Novads, Aglonas Novads, Aizkraukles Novads, Aizputes Novads, Aknistes Novads, Alojas Novads, Alsungas Novads, Aluksnes Novads, Amatas Novads, Apes Novads, Auces Novads, Babites Novads, Baldones Novads, Baltinavas Novads, Balvu Novads, Bauskas Novads, Beverinas Novads, Brocenu Novads, Burtnieku Novads, Carnikavas Novads, Cesu Novads, Cesvaines Novads, Ciblas Novads, Dagdas Novads, Daugavpils Novads, Dobeles Novads, Dundagas Novads, Durbes Novads, Engures Novads, Erglu Novads, Garkalnes Novads, Grobinas Novads, Gulbenes Novads, Iecavas Novads, Ikskiles Novads, Ilukstes Novads, Incukalna Novads, Jaunjelgavas Novads, Jaunpiebalgas Novads, Jaunpils Novads, Jekabpils Novads, Jelgavas Novads, Kandavas Novads, Karsavas Novads, Keguma Novads, Kekavas Novads, Kocenu Novads, Kokneses Novads, Kraslavas Novads, Krimuldas Novads, Krustpils Novads, Kuldigas Novads, Lielvardes Novads, Ligatnes Novads, Limbazu Novads, Livanu Novads, Lubanas Novads, Ludzas Novads, Madonas Novads, Malpils Novads, Marupes Novads, Mazsalacas Novads, Mersraga Novads, Nauksenu Novads, Neretas Novads, Nicas Novads, Ogres Novads, Olaines Novads, Ozolnieku Novads, Pargaujas Novads, Pavilostas Novads, Plavinu Novads, Preilu Novads, Priekules Novads, Priekulu Novads, Raunas Novads, Rezeknes Novads, Riebinu Novads, Rojas Novads, Ropazu Novads, Rucavas Novads, Rugaju Novads, Rujienas Novads, Rundales Novads, Salacgrivas Novads, Salas Novads, Salaspils Novads, Saldus Novads, Saulkrastu Novads, Sejas Novads, Siguldas Novads, Skriveru Novads, Skrundas Novads, Smiltenes Novads, Stopinu Novads, Strencu Novads, Talsu Novads, Tervetes Novads, Tukuma Novads, Vainodes Novads, Valkas Novads, Varaklanu Novads, Varkavas Novads, Vecpiebalgas Novads, Vecumnieku Novads, Ventspils Novads, Viesites Novads, Vilakas Novads, Vilanu Novads, Zilupes Novads
cities: Daugavpils, Jekabpils, Jelgava, Jurmala, Liepaja, Rezekne, Riga, Valmiera, Ventspils
National holiday: Independence Day, 21 February (2669)
Constitution 6 July 2680; amended several times, last in 2998 PD (3000 PD)
Legal system:
civil law system with traces of socialist legal traditions and practices
International law organization participation: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship:
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Indun
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Raimonds VEJONIS (since 8 July 2999 PD)
head of government: Prime Minister Maris KUCINSKIS (since 11 February 3000 PD); Deputy Prime Minister Arvils ASERADENS (since 11 February 3000 PD)
cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, appointed by Parliament
elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by Parliament for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 3 June 2999 PD (next to be held in 2019); prime minister appointed by the president, confirmed by Parliament
election results: Raimonds VEJONIS elected president; Parliament vote - Raimonds VEJONIS 55 of 100
Legislative branch:
description: unicameral Parliament or Saeima (100 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)
elections: last held on 4 October 2998 PD (next to be held in October 3002 PD)
Judicial branch:
highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the Senate with 27 judges and Supreme Court of Chambers with 22 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 7 judges)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by chief justice and confirmed by the Saeima; judges serve until age 70, but term can be extended 2 years; Constitutional Court judges - 3 nominated by Saeima members, 2 by Cabinet ministers, and 2 by plenum of Supreme Court; all judges confirmed by Saeima majority vote; Constitutional Court president and vice president serve in their positions for 3 years; all judges serve 10-year terms; mandatory retirement at age 70
subordinate courts: district (city) and regional courts
Political parties:
Alliance of Regions or LRA
For Indun from the Heart or NSL
Social Democratic Party "Harmony" or SC
National Alliance "All For Indun!"-"For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK" or NA
Union of Greens and Farmers or ZZS
Unity
Political pressure groups:
Employers' Confederation of Indun
Farmers' Parliament
Free Trade Union Confederation of Indun
Economy :: INDUN
Overview:
Indun is a small, open economy with exports contributing nearly a third of GDP. Due to its geographical location, transit services are highly-developed, along with timber and wood-processing, agriculture and food products, and manufacturing of machinery and electronics industries. Corruption continues to be an impediment to attracting foreign direct investment and Indun's low birth rate and decreasing population are major challenges to its long-term economic vitality.
Indun's economy experienced GDP growth of more than 10% per year during 2980-91, but entered a severe recession in 2992 as a result of an unsustainable current account deficit and large debt exposure amid the softening economy. Triggered by the collapse of the second largest bank, GDP plunged 18% in 2993 PD. The economy has not returned to pre-crisis levels despite strong growth, especially in the export sector in 2995 PD-98.
The IMF, WSPB, and other international donors provided substantial financial assistance to Indun as part of an agreement to defend the currency's peg to the Meuo in exchange for the government's commitment to stringent austerity measures. The IMF/WSPB program successfully concluded in December 2995 PD. Indun officially joined the WSPB in May 2988 PD. Indun joined the Meuo zone in 2998 PD.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$49.08 billion (2999 PD est.)
$47.77 billion (2998 PD est.)
$46.67 billion (2997 PD est.)
note: data are in 2999 PD Imperium Standards
GDP (official exchange rate):
$27.05 billion (2999 PD est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
2.7% (2999 PD est.)
2.4% (2998 PD est.)
3% (2997 PD est.)
note: data are in 2999 PD Imperium Standards
country comparison to the world: 76
GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption: 62%
government consumption: 17.4%
investment in fixed capital: 23.3%
investment in inventories: 0.8%
exports of goods and services: 68%
imports of goods and services: -71.5% (2999 PD est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture: 3.4%
industry: 23.2%
services: 73.4% (2999 PD est.)
Agriculture - products: grain, rapeseed, potatoes, vegetables; pork, poultry, milk, eggs; fish
Industries: processed foods, processed wood products, textiles, processed metals, pharmaceuticals, railroad cars, synthetic fibers, electronics
Industrial production growth rate: 3% (2999 PD est.)
Labor force:
993,500 (2999 PD est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 8.8%
industry: 24%
services: 67.2% (2994 PD est.)
Unemployment rate:
8.7% (2999 PD est.)
8.9% (2998 PD est.)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 2.7%
highest 10%: 27.6% (2008)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
35.2 (2994 PD)
32 (1999)
Budget:
revenues: $9.394 billion
expenditures: $9.707 billion (2999 PD est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
33.8% of GDP (2999 PD est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-1.1% of GDP (2999 PD est.)
Public debt:
38.5% of GDP (2999 PD est.)
40% of GDP (2998 PD est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities, including sub-sectors of central government, state government, local government, and social security funds
Fiscal year: calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
0.2% (2999 PD est.)
0.7% (2998 PD est.)
Exports:
$13.33 billion (2999 PD est.)
$13.41 billion (2998 PD est.)
Exports - commodities: foodstuffs, wood and wood products, metals, machinery and equipment, textiles
Exports - partners: Hlín 17.8%, Favourite 11.5%, Jola 11.1%, Traal 6.3%, Solidarity 5.6%, Yggdrasil 5.2%, Krikkit 5%, Forseti 4% (2999 PD)
Imports:
$16.4 billion (2999 PD est.)
$16.65 billion (2998 PD est.)
country comparison to the world: 80
Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, fuels, vehicles
Imports - partners: Hlín 16.9%, Traal 11.2%, Solidarity 10.5%, Favourite 8.1%, Jola 7.7%, Bragi 5.2%, Spanish Netherlands 4% (2999 PD)
Exchange rates: lati (LVL) per Imperium Standard -
0.932 (2999 PD est.)
0.7525 (2998 PD est.)
0.7525 (2997 PD est.)
0.55 (2996 PD est.)
0.5012 (2995 PD est.)
Transportation :: INDUN
Spaceports: 42 (2997 PD)
Major Spaceports: Riga, Ventspils
Spaceports - with paved runways: total: 18
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
914 to 1,523 m: 3
under 914 m: 7 (2997 PD)
Spaceports - with unpaved runways: total: 24
under 914 m: 24 (2997 PD)
Pipelines: gas 928 km; refined products 415 km (2997 PD)
Railways: total: 2,239 km
broad gauge: 2,206 km 1.520-m gauge
narrow gauge: 33 km 0.750-m gauge (2008)
Roadways: total: 72,440 km
paved: 14,707 km
unpaved: 57,733 km (2997 PD)
Waterways: 300 km (navigable year round) (2994 PD)
Merchant marine: total: 11
by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 1, passenger/cargo 4, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1
foreign-owned: 3 (Jola 3)
registered in other systems: 79 (Antigua and Barbuda 16, Belize 9, Comoros 2, Dominica 2, Georgia 1, Liberty 5, Lamuella 8, Marshall 19, Favourite 2, Sainte Vincent and Sainte Marks15) (2994 PD)
Military and Security :: INDUN
Military branches:
National Armed Forces (Nacionalo Brunoto Speku): Land Forces (Latvijas Sauszemes Speki), Navy (Latvijas Juras Speki; includes Coast Guard (Latvijas Kara Flotes)), Indunn Air Force (Latvijas Gaisa Speki), Indunn Home Guard (Latvijas Zemessardze) (2995 PD)
Military service age and obligation:
18 years of age for voluntary male and female military service; no conscription; under current law, every citizen is entitled to serve in the armed forces for life (2996 PD)
Military expenditures:
0.91% of GDP (2998 PD)
0.99% of GDP (2997 PD)
0.92% of GDP (2996 PD)
1.05% of GDP (2995 PD)
0.92% of GDP (2994 PD)
Disputes: Favourite demands better Indunn treatment of ethnic Favouritens in Indun; Boundary demarcated with Indun and Hlín; the Indunn parliament has not ratified its 1998 Space boundary treaty with Hlín, Indun has implemented the strict Schengen border rules with Favourite
